Anise is a plant with a distinct, licorice-like taste. It’s often used to add flavor to desserts and drinks and is known as a natural remedy for various ailments.
Share on PinterestAnise, also called aniseed or Pimpinella anisum, is a plant that hails from the same family as carrots, celery and parsley.
It can grow up to 3 feet (1 meter) tall and produces flowers and a small white fruit known as anise seed.
Here are 7 benefits and uses of anise seed, backed by science.
1. Rich in Nutrients
Though anise seed is used in relatively small amounts, it packs a good amount of several important micronutrients into each serving.
In particular, anise seed is rich in iron, which is vital for the production of healthy blood cells in your body (1).
It also contains a small amount of manganese, a key mineral that acts as an antioxidant and is necessary for metabolism and development (2).
One tablespoon (7 grams) of anise seed provides approximately (3):
- Calories: 23
- Protein: 1 gram
- Fat: 1 gram
- Carbs: 3 grams
- Fiber: 1 gram
- Iron: 13% of the Reference Daily Intake (RDI)
- Manganese: 7% of the RDI
- Calcium: 4% of the RDI
- Magnesium: 3% of the RDI
- Phosphorus: 3% of the RDI
- Potassium: 3% of the RDI
- Copper: 3% of the RDI
However, keep in mind that most recipes will likely call for less than a tablespoon.
Summary Anise seed is low in
calories but contains a good amount of several important minerals, including
iron, manganese and calcium.
2. May Reduce Symptoms of Depression
Depression is a common yet debilitating condition that affects up to 25% of women and 12% of men around the world (4).
Interestingly, some research has found that anise seed may help treat depression.
One study showed that anise seed extract exhibited powerful antidepressant properties in mice and was as effective as a common prescription medication used to treat depression (5).
What’s more, in another study in 107 people, taking 3 grams of anise seed powder three times daily was effective at reducing symptoms of postpartum depression (6).
Similarly, in a four-week study in 120 people, taking a capsule with 200 mg of anise oil three times daily significantly decreased symptoms of mild to moderate depression, compared to a control group (7).
Summary Human and animal
studies reveal that anise seed may help reduce symptoms of depression and may
be as effective as some types of antidepressants.
3. Could Protect Against Stomach Ulcers
Stomach ulcers, also called gastric ulcers, are a painful sore that forms in the lining of your stomach, causing symptoms like indigestion, nausea and a burning sensation in your chest.
Though traditional treatment typically involves the use of medications to decrease the production of stomach acid, preliminary research suggests that anise seed could help prevent stomach ulcers and reduce symptoms.
For instance, one animal study noted that anise reduced stomach acid secretion, helping prevent the formation of stomach ulcers and protecting cells against damage (8).
However, research on anise seed’s effects on stomach ulcers is still very limited.
Additional studies are needed to understand how it may impact ulcer formation and symptoms in humans.
Summary Though research is
extremely limited, anise seed reduced stomach acid secretion and protected
against stomach ulcer formation in one animal study.
4. Prevents the Growth of Fungi and Bacteria
Test-tube studies show that anise seed and its compounds possess potent antimicrobial properties that prevent infections and block the growth of fungi and bacteria.
One test-tube study demonstrated that anise seed and anise essential oil were especially effective against certain strains of fungi, including yeasts and dermatophytes, a type of fungus that can cause skin disease (9).
Anethole, the active ingredient in anise seed, inhibits bacterial growth as well.
In one test-tube study, anethole blocked the growth of a specific strain of bacteria that causes cholera, an infection characterized by severe diarrhea and dehydration (10).
However, further research is needed to examine how anise seed may affect the growth of fungi and bacteria in humans.
Summary Test-tube studies show
that anise seed and its components may decrease the growth of certain strains
of fungi and bacteria.
5. Could Help Relieve Menopause Symptoms
Menopause is the natural decline in women’s reproductive hormones during aging, resulting in symptoms like hot flashes, fatigue and dry skin.
Anise seed is thought to mimic the effects of estrogen in your body, potentially reducing symptoms of menopause (11).
In one four-week study, 72 women with hot flashes took either a placebo or a capsule containing 330 mg of anise seed three times daily. Those taking anise experienced a nearly 75% reduction in severity and frequency of hot flashes (12).
Some of the compounds in anise seed may also help prevent bone loss, one of the hallmark symptoms of menopause that occurs as a result of declining estrogen levels in your body (13).
One study found that an essential oil comprised of 81% anethole, the active ingredient in anise, helped prevent bone loss and protect against osteoporosis in rats (14).
Despite these promising results, more research is needed to determine how anise seed itself may affect menopause symptoms in women.
Summary Anise seed and its
compounds may reduce hot flashes and prevent bone loss, but more research is
needed.
6. May Balance Blood Sugar Levels
Some research indicates that anethole, the active ingredient in anise seed, may keep blood sugar levels in check when paired with a healthy diet.
In one 45-day study in diabetic rats, anethole helped reduce high blood sugar by altering levels of several key enzymes. Anethole also enhanced the function of pancreas cells that produce insulin (15).
Another animal study also reported that anethole improved blood sugar levels in rats with diabetes (16).
Keep in mind that these studies are using a concentrated dose of anethole — much higher than what is found in a typical serving of anise seed.
More studies are needed to evaluate how anise seed may affect blood sugar levels in humans.
Summary Animal studies show
that anethole may lower blood sugar and improve the function of
insulin-producing cells.
7. Can Reduce Inflammation
In many cases, inflammation is considered a normal response by your immune system to protect against injuries and infection.
However, high levels of long-term inflammation are linked to chronic conditions, such as heart disease, cancer and diabetes (17).
Animal and test-tube studies suggest that anise seed may reduce inflammation to promote better health and prevent disease.
For example, one study in mice showed that anise seed oil reduced swelling and pain (18).
Other research indicates that anise seed is high in antioxidants, which can reduce inflammation and prevent disease-causing oxidative damage (19).
Summary Animal and test-tube
studies have found that anise seed is high in antioxidants and can reduce
inflammation to help prevent chronic disease.
Possible Side Effects
Most people can safely consume anise without the risk of adverse side effects.
However, it could trigger an allergic reaction, especially if you’re allergic to plants in the same family — such as fennel, celery, parsley or dill.
Additionally, anise’s estrogen-mimicking properties could worsen symptoms of hormone-sensitive conditions, like breast cancer or endometriosis (11, 20).
If you have a history of these conditions, keep intake in moderation and talk to your doctor if you have any concerns.
Summary Some people may be
allergic to anise seed. Anise can also mimic the effects of estrogen in your
body, which could worsen symptoms of certain hormone-sensitive conditions.
Dosage and Supplements
Though typically purchased as dried seeds, anise is available in oil, powder and extract form as well.
Anise seed, oil and extract can all bring a burst of flavor to baked goods and candies or enhance the aroma of soaps and skin creams.
Most recipes call for a few teaspoons (4–13 grams or 5–15 ml) of ground anise seed, oil or extract.
Keep in mind that each form contains varying concentrations of anise, so it’s important to modify your recipe depending on what form you’re using.
For example, if a recipe requires 1 teaspoon (5 ml) of anise extract, you can swap in 1/4 teaspoon (1 ml) of anise oil or 2 teaspoons (8 grams) of ground anise seed.
For medicinal use, anise doses ranging from 600 mg to 9 grams daily have been proven effective in the treatment of conditions like depression (6, 7).
Doses of up to 20 grams per day of anise seed powder are considered safe for healthy adults (6).
Summary Anise is available in
powder, extract, oil and seed form. Most recipes call for small amounts of
anise seed, oil or extract — as a little goes a long way.
The Bottom Line
Anise seed is a powerful plant that is rich in many nutrients and boasts a wide array of health benefits.
It has anti-fungal, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties and may fight stomach ulcers, keep blood sugar levels in check and reduce symptoms of depression and menopause.
Combined with a nutritious diet and healthy lifestyle, anise seed could improve several aspects of your health.